4, 2021, learnreligions.com/day-of-atonement-700180. The name Yom Kippur is based on the biblical verse (Leviticus 23:27), "…but on the 10th day of the seventh month it is the day of kippurim unto you…". Yom Kippur - the Day of Atonement . [14] Refraining from these symbolically represents a return to a pristine state of re-attachment to the purity of Edenic existence, and symbolically therefore one avoids that which arose as a need only after the exile from Eden: The Eden account tells of God saying "thorns and thistles will grow in your way...the snake will raise its head (to bite you) and you will give your heel (to crush it)" and so in the new post-Edenic existence it became necessary to wear strong protective shoes, and so these are avoided on Yom Kippur (see article for specifics). There are a variety of other customs, such as hand gestures to mime the sprinkling of blood (one sprinkling upwards and seven downwards per set of eight).[26]. [33], Hall of Fame first baseman Hank Greenberg attracted national attention in 1934, nearly three decades earlier, when he refused to play baseball on Yom Kippur, even though the Tigers were in the middle of a pennant race, and he was leading the league in RBIs. Jews traditionally observe this holy day with a day-long fast and intensive prayer, often spending most of the day in synagogue services. [8], The Yom Kippur prayer service includes several unique aspects. UW Gridiron Great Gabe Carimi", "Why is this prospect different from other prospects? Taking the fat of the sin offering, he would present a burnt offering for himself and one for the people. Yom Kippur 2020 (the Day of Atonement): September 27–28. Hebrews chapters 8 through 10 beautifully explain how Jesus Christ became our High Priest and entered heaven (the Holy of Holies), once and for all, not by the blood of sacrificial animals, but by his own precious blood on the cross. What day is the Sabbath, Saturday or Sunday? Yom Kippur (/ˌjɒm kɪˈpʊər, ˌjɔːm ˈkɪpər, ˌjoʊm-/;[1] Hebrew: יוֹם כִּיפּוּר, IPA: [ˈjom kiˈpuʁ], or Hebrew: יום הכיפורים, romanized: Yom HaKippurim), also known as the Day of Atonement, is the holiest day of the year in Judaism. [55] It stated that the floating holidays will be Yom Kippur,[56] Day of Vesak, Diwali, Gurpurab, Orthodox Christmas, Orthodox Good Friday, and Presidents' Day. [34] Other baseball players who have similarly sat out games on Yom Kippur include former Boston Red Sox and New York Yankees third baseman Kevin Youkilis, former Houston Astros catcher and former Los Angeles Angels manager Brad Ausmus, and outfielder Art Shamsky. Jesus (Greek: Ἰησοῦς, romanized: Iēsoûs, likely from Hebrew/Aramaic: יֵשׁוּעַ , romanized: Yēšûaʿ), c. 4 BC – AD 30 / 33, also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth or Jesus Christ, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader. The name Yom Kippur is based on the biblical verse (Leviticus 23:27), "…but on the 10th day of the seventh month it is the day of kippurim unto you…". Leviticus 16:29 mandates establishment of this holy day on the 10th day of the 7th month as the day of atonement for sins. [57] It appears that during the period that the Holiness Code and the Book of Ezekiel were written, the new year began on the tenth day of the seventh month,[70][71] and thus liberal biblical scholars believe that by the time the Priestly Code was compiled, the date of the new year and of the day of atonement had swapped around.[57]. The purpose of the sacrifice was to repair the broken relationship between humans and God by covering the sins of the people. The Tetragrammaton was pronounced three times, once for each confession. When the Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 AD, the Jewish people could no longer present the required sacrifices on the Day of Atonement, so it came to be observed as a day of repentance, self-denial, charitable works, prayer, and fasting. Judaism is the world’s oldest monotheistic religion, dating back nearly 4,000 years. Using his fingers, he would sprinkle the blood of the bull on the mercy seat and the floor before the ark of the covenant. Five additional prohibitions are traditionally observed, as detailed in the Jewish oral tradition (Mishnah tractate Yoma 8:1). Let our personal vows, pledges and oaths be considered neither vows nor pledges nor oaths. As believers, we accept the sacrifice of Jesus Christ as the fulfillment of Yom Kippur, the full and final atonement for sin. With grand ceremony, the high priest would then place his hands on the head of the live goat and confess the sins of the whole nation before the altar of burnt offering. [55], According to textual scholars, the biblical regulations covering Yom Kippur are spliced together from multiple source texts,[57][58] as indicated by the duplication of the confession over the bullock,[59] and the incongruity in one verse stating that the high priest should not enter the Holy of Holies (with the inference that there are exceptions for certain explicitly identified festivals),[60] and the next verse indicating that they can enter whenever they wish (as long as a specific ritual is carried out first). Some Conservative synagogues abridge the recitation of the Avodah service to varying degrees, and some omit it entirely. Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/day-of-atonement-700180. [20], Prayer services begin with the Kol Nidre prayer, which is recited before sunset. "addition to Yom Kippur". [sic]", "Green, Koufax and Greenberg – same dilemma, different decisions", "Gabe Carimi: Star in shul and on the football field", "Yom Kippur, then football; Carimi fasts and then tackles", "The Biggest Thing in Jewish Sports? It is recited in a dramatic manner, before the open ark, using a melody that dates back to the 16th century. [9] The prayer services also include private and public confessions of sins (Vidui)[7] and a unique prayer dedicated to the special Yom Kippur avodah (service) of the Kohen Gadol (high priest) in the Holy Temple in Jerusalem.[10]. In 1973, an air raid siren was sounded on the afternoon of Yom Kippur and radio broadcasts were resumed to alert the public to the surprise attack on Israel by Egypt and Syria that launched the Yom Kippur War. [36], Former Los Angeles Dodgers outfielder Shawn Green, similarly, made headlines in 2001 for sitting out a game for the first time in 415 games (then the longest streak among active players), to honor Yom Kippur, even though his team was in the middle of a playoff race. What does it mean that Jesus is the Lord of the Sabbath? [46] She said: "My Judaism is very important to me, and ... on Yom Kippur, no matter what, I have to fast. Some notable athletes have observed Yom Kippur, even when it conflicted with playing their sport. With this act, he atoned even for the Holy Place. The Gospel Truth About How to Get to Heaven, General Biblical Studies, Interdenominational Christian Training Center. Textual scholars date this original ceremony to before the priestly source, but after JE. Before sunset on Yom Kippur eve, worshipers gather in the synagogue. "[35] When Greenberg arrived in synagogue on Yom Kippur, the service stopped suddenly, and the congregation gave an embarrassed Greenberg a standing ovation. [citation needed], The morning prayer service is preceded by litanies and petitions of forgiveness called selichot; on Yom Kippur, many selichot are woven into the liturgy of the mahzor (prayer book). This traditional prominence is rooted in the Babylonian Talmud’s description of how to attain atonement following the destruction of the Temple. The cantor then chants the Kol Nidre prayer (Aramaic: כל נדרי, English translation: "All vows"). Koufax garnered national attention for his decision, as an example of the conflict between social pressures and personal beliefs. Once a year on the Day of Atonement, the High Priest would enter and offer the blood sacrifice to cover the sins of the people. Starting with Rosh Hashanah and ending with Yom Kippur, these 10 days are called the Days of Awe or Yamim Noraim and is a time of repentance. A central feature of these Reform services is the rabbinic sermon. Print, The significance of shofar to Yom Kippur is discussed at, Maimonodes, Mishneh Torah, Laws of Teshuva 2:7, Jews Praying in the Synagogue on Yom Kippur, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Yom Kippur definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary", "Yom Teruah for Believers in Yeshua - The Messianic Light", https://harfordjewishcenter.org/yom-kippur/, "How Many Sets of Prayers On Yom Kippur? Why Is Rosh Hashanah Called the Feast of Trumpets in the Bible? Perhaps the heart of the Old Testament teaching on atonement is found in Leviticus 16, where the regulations for the Day of Atonement occur. In Judaism this atonement is accomplished through sacrifices, prayer, righteous acts, and God’s mercy. The laws of Yom Kippur are mentioned in three passages in the Torah: Traditionally, Yom Kippur is considered the date on which Moses received the second set of Ten Commandments. Yom Kippur is celebrated on the tenth day of the seventh Hebrew month of Tishri (corresponds to mid-September through mid-October). Rosh ha-Shanah climaxes on the tenth day which is called Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. [15] This is the purpose of the prohibitions. Finally, he would give the live goat to an appointed person who carried it outside the camp and set it free into the wilderness. What Is the Day of Atonement in the Bible? The main section of the Avodah is a threefold recitation of the High Priest’s actions regarding expiation in the Holy of Holies. [citation needed]. "[23], The Talmud states, "Yom Kippur atones for those who repent and does not atone for those who do not repent". A recitation of the sacrificial service of the Temple in Jerusalem traditionally features prominently in both the liturgy and the religious thought of the holiday. As well as fasting for 25 hours, Jews spend the day in prayer, asking for forgiveness and resolving to behave better in the future. At the end of Yom Kippur, one hopes that they have been forgiven by God. In Orthodox synagogues and many Conservative ones a detailed description of the Temple ritual is recited on the day. The Kohen Gadol entered the Holy of Holies four times. Today, the ten days between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur are days of repentance, when Jews express remorse for their sins through prayer and fasting. It is recited in Aramaic. Kol Nidre is a prayer that dates back to 9th century Palestine. [57] Although Rashi tried to find a harmonistic explanation for this incongruity, the Leviticus Rabbah maintains that it was indeed the case that the high priest could enter at any time if these rituals were carried out. If a person's good deeds outweigh or outnumber their sinful acts, his or her name will remain inscribed in the book for another year. This joyful festival occurs in September or October and marks the beginning of a ten-day period known as the High Holy Days. The Day of Atonement or Yom Kippur is the highest holy day of the Jewish calendar. [57][68] According to the Book of Ezekiel, the sanctuary was to be cleansed by the sprinkling of bullock's blood, on the first day of the first and of the seventh months[69]—near the start of the civil year and of the ecclesiastical year, respectively; although the masoretic text of the Book of Ezekiel has the second of these cleansings on the seventh of the first month, biblical scholars regard the Septuagint, which has the second cleaning as being the first of the seventh month, as being more accurate here. 3. How do the elements of the Passover Seder point to Christ? The morning prayers are followed by an added prayer (Mussaf) as on all other holidays. Unlike a regular day, which has three prayer services (Ma'ariv, the evening prayer; Shacharit, the morning prayer; and Mincha, the afternoon prayer), or a Shabbat or Yom Tov, which have four prayer services (Ma'ariv; Shacharit; Mussaf, the additional prayer; and Mincha), Yom Kippur has five prayer services (Ma'ariv; Shacharit; Musaf; Mincha; and Ne'ilah, the closing prayer). By refraining from these activities, the body is uncomfortable but can still survive. "Israeli tennis players fined for sitting out Yom Kippur". [24] Repentance in Judaism is done through a process called Teshuva, which in its most basic form consists of regretting having committed the sin, resolving not to commit that sin in the future and to confess that sin before God. After 2089, the differences between the Hebrew calendar and the Gregorian calendar will result in Yom Kippur falling no earlier than September 15. Its blood was then added by the high priest to the blood already sprinkled inside the Holy of Holies. [49][50] Dudi Sela, Israel's # 1 player, quit his quarterfinal match in the third set of the 2017 Shenzhen Open so he could begin observing Yom Kippur by the time the sun set, forfeiting a possible $34,000 in prize money and 90 rankings points. Bold indicates major holidays commonly celebrated in the United States, which often represent the major celebrations of the month. [10] Specifically, the Avodah ("service") in the Musaf prayer recounts in great detail the sacrificial ceremonies of the Yom Kippur Korbanot (sacrificial offerings) that are recited in the prayers but have not been performed for 2,000 years, since the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans. Falling in the month of Tishrei (September or October in the Gregorian calendar), it … [53][54], Starting 2016 the United Nations officially recognizes Yom Kippur, stating that from then on no official meetings would take place on the day. Then he would enter the Holy of Holies with a pan of glowing coals from the altar of incense, filling the air with a smoky cloud and aroma of incense. These services were considered to be the most important parts of Yom Kippur because through them the Kohen Gadol made atonement for all Jews and the world. In Rabbinic Judaism , people achieve atonement through repentance , sometimes followed by some combination of confession , restitution, tribulations (unpleasant life experiences), … Yom Kippur is the culmination of the season, and it is a twenty-five-hour day of solemn prayer, repentance, and strict fasting. The first time in each service takes place during the personal recitation of the Amidah (standing, silent prayer), and the second time during the cantor's repetition of the Amidah (except during the preceding Mincha), in a public recitation. Fairchild, Mary. Similarly for the description of the post-Edenic relationship between man and woman, and so on Yom Kippur marital relations are avoided. It is one of the three Pilgrim Festivals of the Hebrew Bible. Therefore, by making one’s body uncomfortable, one’s soul is uncomfortable. Yom Kippur is the holiest day of the year—the day on which we are closest to G‑d and to the quintessence of our own souls. Atonement in Judaism - the process of causing a transgression to be forgiven or pardoned. On this day, the high priest would remove his official priestly garments, which were radiant vestments. As one of the most culturally significant Jewish holidays, Yom Kippur is observed by many secular Jews who may not observe other holidays. Performing the sacrificial acts and reciting Leviticus 16:30, ("Your upright children"). [3], Yom Kippur is "the tenth day of [the] seventh month"[4] (Tishrei) and is also known as the "Sabbath of Sabbaths". Does God require Sabbath-keeping of Christians? The soul is considered to be the life force in a body. Print, Abrams, Judith. That year Yom Kippur fell on a Saturday, and he fasted until an hour before his football game against Iowa started that night. Today, Orthodox Jews observe many restrictions and customs on the Day of Atonement. The Days of Awe: The most sacred Jewish holidays are called the “Days of Awe,” the high holy days of Rosh Hashanah, which marks the New Year in Judaism, and Yom Kippur, which is the Day of Atonement. What is Passover? Sacrifices included two (daily) lambs, one bull, two goats, and two rams, with accompanying mincha (meal) offerings, wine libations, and three incense offerings (the regular two daily and an additional one for Yom Kippur). Leviticus 23:27 decrees that Yom Kippur is a strict day of rest. Its name "Kol Nidre" is taken from the opening words, and translates "All vows": All personal vows we are likely to make, all personal oaths and pledges we are likely to take between this Yom Kippur and the next Yom Kippur, we publicly renounce. Judaism, however, does not accept the central Christian teaching that Jesus Christ is the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament. Its central themes are atonement and repentance. [46][47] Instead, she spent the day fasting and praying. Over the last few decades, bicycle-riding and inline skating on the empty streets have become common among secular Israeli youngsters, especially on the eve of Yom Kippur in Tel Aviv[32]. [citation needed], The service concludes with the Ne'ila ("closing") prayer, which begins shortly before sunset, when the "gates of prayer" will be closed. Although the fast is required of all healthy men over 13 or women over 12, it is waived in the case of certain medical conditions. [14], Total abstention from food and drink as well as keeping the other traditions begins at sundown, and ends after nightfall the following day. Virtually all Jewish holidays involve meals, but since Yom Kippur involves fasting, Jewish law requires one to eat a large and festive meal on the afternoon before Yom Kippur, after the Mincha (afternoon) prayer. The common English translation of Yom Kippur is Day of Atonement, however, this translation lacks precision. The Day of Atonement was a yearly feast instituted by God to completely cover (pay the penalty) for all the sins of the people of Israel. ", "Bernstein feasted on Penn State after fasting", "Golf / Israelis abroad / Beck follows in Koufax's footsteps", "The original Sandy Koufax of women's golf", "Gelfand and Grischuk winners in 4th round London Grand Prix". By feeling pain one can feel how others feel when they are in pain. [citation needed], Seven days prior to Yom Kippur, the Kohen Gadol was sequestered in the Palhedrin chamber in the Temple, where he reviewed (studied) the service with the sages familiar with the Temple, and was sprinkled with spring water containing ashes of the Red Heifer as purification. [5] The ten days from Rosh Hashanah to Yom Kippur correspond to the 40-day period Moses was on the mountain receiving the second set of tablets. He would bathe and put on a pure white linen robe to symbolize repentance. b. Atonement Christianity The reconciliation of God and humans brought about by the redemptive life and death of Jesus. One goat was killed as a sin offering for the nation. What is a sabbatical year? The latest Yom Kippur can occur relative to the Gregorian dates is on October 14, as happened in 1967 and will happen again in 2043. Fairchild, Mary. Mary Fairchild is a full-time Christian minister, writer, and editor of two Christian anthologies, including "Stories of Cavalry.". Guest wrote a poem titled "Speaking of Greenberg", which ended with the lines "We shall miss him on the infield and shall miss him at the bat / But he's true to his religion—and I honor him for that. In Bible times, only the High Priest could enter the Holy of Holies by passing through the heavy veil that hung from ceiling to floor, creating a barrier between the people and the presence of God. Next, he would make a sin offering for himself and the other priests by sacrificing a young bull and a ram for a burnt offering. The remaining flesh of the young bull would be burned outside the camp. In some Conservative synagogues, only the Hazzan (cantor) engages in full prostration. "What Is the Day of Atonement in the Bible?" During the service, the Kohen Gadol entered the Holy of Holies in the center of the Temple, the only time of the year that anyone went inside. [28], The following summary of the Temple service is based on the traditional Jewish religious account described in Mishnah tractate Yoma, appearing in contemporary traditional Jewish prayer books for Yom Kippur, and studied as part of a traditional Jewish Yom Kippur worship service. What Does the Bible Say About Burning Sage? [16], In order to gain atonement from God, one must:[13]. Christ himself was the atoning sacrifice for our sins; thus, he secured for us eternal redemption. (federal) = federal holidays, (abbreviation) = state/territorial holidays, (religious) = religious holidays, (cultural) = holiday related to a specific racial/ethnic group or sexual minority, (week) = week-long holidays, (month) = month-long holidays, (36) = Title 36 Observances and Ceremonies Yom Kippur: A Family Service Minneapolis: KAR-BEN, 1990. It is considered impolite to eat in public on Yom Kippur or to sound music or to drive a motor vehicle. Yom Kippur is the final day of judgment when each person's fate is sealed by God for the upcoming year. [5] Rosh Hashanah (referred to in the Torah as Yom Teruah) is the first day of that month according to the Hebrew calendar. [2] The common English translation of Yom Kippur is Day of Atonement, however, this translation lacks precision. Symbolically, the "scapegoat" would carry away the sins of the people. On Yom Kippur, the ram's horn (shofar) is blown at the end of evening prayer services for the first time since Rosh Hashanah. Learn Religions, Mar. Judaism’s view of hell more closely resembles purgatory. "For more than a century and a half in the Reform Movement," writes Rabbi Lance Sussman, "High Holiday sermons were among the most anticipated events in synagogue life, especially on the eve of Rosh Hashanah and Kol Nidre night. In the New Testament, the Day of Atonement is mentioned in Acts 27:9, where some Bible versions refer to as "the Fast.". (These three times, plus in some congregations the Aleinu prayer during the Musaf Amidah on Yom Kippur and Rosh Hashanah, are the only times in Jewish services when Jews engage in prostration, with the exception of some Yemenite Jews and talmedhei haRambam (disciples of Maimonides) who may prostrate themselves on other occasions during the year. [27] Gregorian calendar dates for recent and upcoming Yom Kippur holidays are: The Torah calls the day Yom HaKippurim (יוֹם הַכִּיפּוּרִים) and in it Leviticus 23:27 decrees a strict prohibition of work and affliction of the soul upon the tenth day of the seventh month, later known as Tishrei. [40][41][42] Carimi said, "Religion is a part of me, and I don't want to just say I'm Jewish. In ancient Israel, the Day of Atonement laid the foundation for God to forgive the people of any sins committed since the previous year's feast. [citation needed], The Yom Kippur confessional consists of two parts: a short confession beginning with the word Ashamnu (אשמנו, "we have sinned"), which is a series of words describing sin arranged according to the aleph-bet (Hebrew alphabetic order), and a long confession, beginning with the words Al Cheyt (על חטא, "for the sin"), which is a set of 22 double acrostics, also arranged according to the aleph-bet, enumerating a range of sins. [citation needed]. This act of paying the penalty for sin brought reconciliation (a restored relationship) between the people and God. According to Talmud tractate Yoma, in the absence of a Temple, Jews are obligated to study the High Priest’s ritual on Yom Kippur, and this study helps achieve atonement for those who are unable to benefit from its actual performance. Scherman, Nosson. There are no radio or television broadcasts, airports are shut down, there is no public transportation, and all shops and businesses are closed.[29]. At this same time, the Israelites were granted atonement for the sin of the Golden Calf; hence, its designation as the Day of Atonement. Yom Kippur—the Day of Atonement—is considered the most important holiday in the Jewish faith. [citation needed]. The literal translation of 'kippurim' is cleansing. There is no legal prohibition on any of these, but in practice such actions are universally avoided in Israel during Yom Kippur,[31] except for emergency services. [55] In addition, the United Nations stated that, beginning in 2016, they would have nine official holidays and seven floating holidays of which each employee would be able to choose one. Sukkot, Jewish autumn festival of double thanksgiving that begins on the 15th day of Tishri (in September or October), five days after Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. "eve [of] day [of] atonement") is the day preceding Yom Kippur, corresponding to the ninth day of the Hebrew month of Tishrei. In keeping with the requirement to repent on Yom Kippur, Jews recite the full Vidui a total of 9 times: once during Mincha on Yom Kippur eve, and on Yom Kippur itself during Ma'ariv (2 times), Shacharit (2 times), Musaf (2 times), and Mincha (2 times); at Ne’eilah, only the short confessional is said. Let them all be relinquished and abandoned, null and void, neither firm nor established. The main description of the Day of Atonement is found in Leviticus 16:8-34. Amends or reparation made for an injury or wrong; expiation. However, at the very moment when Jesus died on the cross, Matthew 27:51 says, "the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom; and the earth quaked, and the rocks were split." No work is done on this day. 2. a. Judaism An individual's reconciliation with God by means of repentance and confession of one's transgressions. Confession in Judaism is called Vidui (Hebrew וידוי). The Ark is opened and two people take from it two Sifrei Torah (Torah scrolls). Erev Yom Kippur (lit. Yom (יוֹם) means 'day' in Hebrew and Kippur (כִּפּוּר) is translated to 'atonement'. However, the pain the soul experiences is not physical. It has been compared to psychological anguish, shame and healing upon reviewing the history of one’s life in a body, and how it wasted opportunities to serve God. The festival is characterized by the erection of huts made of branches. Yom (יוֹם) means 'day' in Hebrew and Kippur (כִּפּוּר) is translated to 'atonement'. One is the actual number of prayer services. Atonement needed to be made for everything from heinous crimes like idolatry ( Num 16:47) to mistakes of intent, when the only sin was ignorance or error, not willful disobedience ( Num 15:22-29). [34] The Detroit Free Press columnist and poet Edgar A. [21] Then the service continues with the evening prayers (Ma'ariv or Arvit) and an extended Selichot service. The Talmud (Tractate Yoma) also reports that he practiced the incense offering ritual in the Avitnas chamber. Sukkot / Sukkoth In the Old Testament, the High Priest made an atoning sacrifice for the sins of the people on the Day of Atonement. [citation needed], Wearing white clothing (or a kittel for Ashkenazi Jews), is traditional to symbolize one's purity on this day. Yom Kippur falls each year on the 10th day of the Jewish month of Tishrei, which is 9 days after the first day of Rosh Hashanah. Scripture Readings for the Fourth Week of Lent. Meet Caiaphas: High Priest of the Jerusalem Temple. [7] During the Days of Awe, a Jew tries to amend their behavior and seek forgiveness for wrongs done against God (bein adam leMakom) and against other human beings (bein adam lechavero). Salvation - Salvation - Judaism: Because Judaism is by origin and nature an ethnic religion, salvation has been primarily conceived in terms of the destiny of Israel as the elect people of Yahweh (often referred to as “the Lord”), the God of Israel. [45], In 2011, golfer Laetitia Beck declined a request to join the UNC Tar-Heels Invitational competition, because it conflicted with Yom Kippur. There is also a commandment to repent on Yom Kippur. [17], The leader and the congregation then say together three times "May all the people of Israel be forgiven, including all the strangers who live in their midst, for all the people are in fault." Additional regulations pertaining to the feast are outlined in Leviticus 23:26-32 and Numbers 29:7-11. "[40][43][44] In 2004, Matt Bernstein, standout fullback at University of Wisconsin–Madison, fasted on Yom Kippur, then broke his fast on the sidelines before rushing for 123 yards in a game against Penn State.
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